1. Biology as a Scientific Discipline (10%) – 8 Questions

Focuses on scientific methods, experimental design, data analysis, laboratory safety, and the nature of biological inquiry.

2. Molecular and Cellular Life Processes (25%) – 20 Questions

Includes cell structure and function, biomolecules, enzymes, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and cell division (mitosis and meiosis).

3. Anatomy and Physiology of Living Organisms (20%) – 16 Questions

Covers body systems in plants and animals, homeostasis, structure-function relationships, and physiological processes.

4. Evolution and Diversity of Life (10%) – 8 Questions

Assesses natural selection, adaptation, speciation, classification systems, and biodiversity.

5. Genetics and Human Heredity (25%) – 20 Questions

Includes Mendelian genetics, inheritance patterns, DNA structure and replication, gene expression, mutations, and genetic technologies.

6. Ecology: Interactions, Energy and Dynamics (10%) – 8 Questions

Focuses on ecosystems, energy flow, food webs, population dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and environmental sustainability.